Biblioteca Origen upm Identificador https://oa.upm.es/88304/ Título Alteraciones del paisaje natural por las acciones antrópicas. Análisis comparativo de distintas ciudades en América Latina Autor Gonzalez Rodriguez, Silvia Viviana Materia Ingeniería Civil y de la Construcción Resumen This research corresponds to a deep analysis of the relationship between human beings and their environment, examining the landscape as the perception of humanity before nature, interacting with the ecosystem until integrating it into development and life itself, incorporating constructions that alter the natural landscape. It represents the expression and footprint of the human being in the territory, as well as their experience of inhabiting the world, turning the site into their place. Engineering projects and urban growth generate an impact that transforms the environment. However, the concept of landscape only arises with the presence of civilization. This interaction has gone through four phases: submission, adaptation, conquest and respect. As a result, and with a landscape approach, the transformation of the coastline is evaluated through the concepts of natural landscape, built landscape, destroyed landscape and reconstructed landscape. The coastline is established as the symbolic and dynamic border between the continent and the ocean. The analysis has been carried out through the comparison of the coastline of three case studies that follow the same research method, which consists of the comparison of two cartographic maps from different historical periods. The first map corresponds in the three cases to historical plans from the colonial era. The second map is the result of a composite image from aerial photographs obtained with Google Earth at the present time. The process is divided into three stages. In the initial phase of the process, the maps were georeferenced using QGis, and later vectorized using the AutoCAD design software. In the second stage, the maps were overlaid to identify changes in the coastline. Finally, the surface differences were calculated and quantified, grouping them into accretion or erosion. The evolution of the coastlines in the three case studies analyzed has been marked by a complex interaction between natural factors and human activities. The chronological analysis of the evolution of the coastlines in these three case studies allows us to understand how the alteration of the coastal landscape responds to common patterns, regardless of the colonial origin of the populations that have intervened in these territories. During the investigation of the case studies, the objectives were established as the analysis of the historical evolution of the coastline in Cartagena de Indias, Rio de Janeiro and New Orleans, and the quantification of the accretion and erosion processes in each case study, in order to finally compare the results obtained between the three case studies and identify the common patterns in the alteration of the coastal landscape, beyond the colonial origin of the populations. Finally, the research findings are that the Bay of Cartagena de Indias presents a negative balance of 1.22 km2, with predominant erosion due to the felling of mangroves and meadows. The Guanabara Bay and the east coast of Rio de Janeiro show a positive balance of 14.5 km2, but with a worrying loss of 23.3 km2 of mangroves. And Lake Pontchartrain, including the coast of New Orleans, records an alarming net loss of 36.42 km2, with erosion associated with natural processes and human activities. In conclusion, the comparative analysis shows that the alteration of the coastal landscape responds to common patterns, regardless of the colonial origin of the populations. Likewise, these findings demonstrate the need to adopt more sustainable territorial planning and management approaches, which harmonize human development with the preservation of coastal ecosystems. RESUMEN Esta investigación corresponde a un análisis profundo de la relación entre el ser humano y su entorno, examinando el paisaje como la percepción de la humanidad ante la naturaleza, interactuando con el ecosistema hasta integrarla en el desarrollo y la vida misma, incorpora construcciones que alteran el paisaje natural. Represe Editor E.T.S.I. Caminos, Canales y Puertos (UPM) Contribuidor Negro Valdecantos, Vicente Fecha de Publicación 2025-04-24 | info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2025-11-12 | info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2025-11-12 Tipo info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion Formato application/pdf Formato application/pdf Idioma spa | spa Relación info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.20868/UPM.thesis.88304 Cobertura east=-75.5441671; north=10.4265566; name=Cartagena de Indias, Dique, Bolívar, RAP Caribe, Colombia | east=-43.2093727; north=-22.9110137; name=Río de Janeiro, Región Sudeste, Brasil | east=-90.0782127; north=29.9759983; name=Nueva Orleans, Parroquía de Orleans, Luisiana, Estados Unidos de América Derechos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ | info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess Información OAI   ID oai:oa.upm.es:88304 Última Modificación 2025-05-12